Campfire safety: what every camper should know

Fire rules can change with weather, drought and local conditions. Before lighting anything, check the current guidance from the land manager or local authority. A fire ban means no fire, even if a ring is present. If you cannot confirm that a fire is allowed, choose a no-flame alternative.

Before you light a fire

• Use an established fire ring or designated area only where fires are permitted.
• Clear the immediate area of dry leaves, branches and other burnable material.
• Keep the fire modest and use only permitted fuel; never burn rubbish.
• Keep water and a shovel close, and make sure an adult is responsible for the fire.
• Keep children and pets at a safe distance and never leave the fire unattended.

While the fire is burning

Wind can carry sparks beyond a ring. If conditions become gusty, smoke starts travelling unpredictably or the fire grows beyond control, extinguish it if safe to do so and follow local emergency guidance. Do not use accelerants, and do not leave clothing or equipment near the flames.

Keep cooking separate from casual campfire tending. Use appropriate tools, avoid reaching over flames and keep food handling hygienic.

Put it out completely

Allow plenty of time before leaving or going to sleep. Pour water over the fire, stir the ashes and embers, then add more water. Repeat until everything is cold to the touch. If water is limited, follow the land manager's specific method, but do not assume that burying hot coals makes them safe. Never leave a fire smouldering.

No-fire alternatives

When fires are restricted, enjoy the evening with a warm layer, a lantern, a prepared meal or a permitted camp stove used exactly as directed. Keep stoves away from tents and enclosed spaces; fuel-burning equipment must be used with proper ventilation according to its manual.

This general guide does not replace local fire codes, emergency instructions or land-manager rules. Always follow current official guidance.